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British Economist: Much UK Energy Cost Rise is Due to Political Anti-Russia Sanctions_我的网站

A |     　　讯 8月20日，最高人民法院发布《关于修改〈最高人民法院关于审理著作权民事纠纷案件适用法律若干问题的解释〉的决定》（法释〔2026〕18号，以下简称《决定》）。    The UK government has rolled out the Energy Bills Support Scheme, under which British households will start receiving £400 ($488) off their energy bills from October, with the discount made in six instalments to help families throughout the winter period.,However, the measure does not seem to be enough to save the day, given that Brits have found themselves caught between nearly two-digit inflation and soaring mortgage payments, according to Rodney Atkinson, an academic and political and economic commentator.,"Once the government lost control of monetary policy (or indeed deliberately printed money during COVID in order to debase its own debt) then there are no easy ways out," Atkinson said. "The British government has offered all households energy subsidies and those on support programs more. But now interest rates are rising and although this raises the value of the pound and reduces import and energy costs, the overall effect is more suffering. Mortgage costs and business debt costs have been rising for months.",Increasing energy bills all across Europe are whipping inflation up even further. On July 27, the Guardian made an attempt to blame reduced gas flows through Russia's Nord Stream 1 for the soaring energy prices, while shying away from shedding light on the energy embargo introduced by the US, the UK and the EU against Russia's hydrocarbons. The US and the UK have been in the vanguard of anti-Russia sanctions since Moscow launched its special military operation to demilitarize and de-Nazify Ukraine on February 24, 2022.,"Because much of the rise in costs is due to the political anti-Russia sanctions; changes in monetary policy will have little effect and are not quick enough," emphasized Atkinson. "Only a retreat on oil sanctions by the EU will drive down oil prices (which is already happening). Biden and the EU’s attempts to persuade the Middle East producers of oil and gas to increase production were a failure.",Sunak Vows ‘Radical’ Income Tax Cut as Truss Team Accuses Ex-Chancellor of ‘Another U-Turn’1 August, 08:12 GMT,New British Cabinet Will Have a Lot on Its Plate,While the British government has pledged to slash at least part of Brit’s energy expenditures, the question arises as to where No. 10 will find this money, given that both Tory candidates for prime minister, Liz Truss and Rishi Sunak, have vowed to cut taxes considerably.,"In an election, the promises are all about cutting taxes and increasing expenditure - a very dangerous combination which is unsustainable," warned Atkinson. "There are many state subsidies and expenditures which could be cut (to justify the tax cuts) but no one likes to mention them. And Truss seems to be piling up ever more spending promises.",Still, it is clear that the new British cabinet will have to exert much effort to prevent people from taking to the streets. The British economist presumes that No. 10 "will have to offer greater subsidies to those caught by the high winter fuel prices.",Nonetheless, "the continuing high profitability of energy producers and energy utilities will further increase the public’s anger at big business and multi nationals who are also seen as not paying their fair share of tax," Atkinson projected.,"Voters are becoming more and more cynical but there are no politicians in any party capable of understanding the fundamental problem of state and corporate profit combined with voter weakness and consumer poverty," he underscored.。《决定》于2026年5月25日经最高人民法院审判委员会第1976次会议通过，自2026年9月1日起施行。

B | 　　《决定》坚持严格保护知识产权，坚持依法解释和问题导向，针对著作权司法实践中的作品发表认定、合理使用的边界、报刊转载法定许可的范围等重点难点问题，进一步细化和完善法律适用标准，统一案件裁判尺度，增强司法解释的可操作性，为当事人提供明确诉讼指引，为市场提供明确行为预期，确保著作权法的正确实施。　　一是进一步明确“公之于众”的认定标准。删去原司法解释第九条中“著作权人自行或者经著作权人许可”的限定，将“公之于众”明确为将作品向不特定的人公开，但不以公众知晓为构成要件。

C | 主要考虑是，目前知识产权理论界和司法实践均认可，作品因他人侵权行为而被公开也属于公之于众。

D | 　　二是进一步细化合理使用的适用规则。将原司法解释第十八条规定的“室外公共场所的艺术作品”修改为“公共场所的艺术作品”，与2020年修正的著作权法第二十四条第一款第十项的规定保持一致。同时，增加但书规定，明确对公共场所艺术作品的临摹、绘画、摄影、录像人，可以对其成果依法以合理的方式和范围再行使用，但是未经著作权人许可不得以相同方式设置、陈列或者公开传播。作出上述修改的主要考虑是，著作权法第二十四条第一款删除了“公开场所”的限定词“室外”，公开场所的范围扩大，涵盖了公共及商业性的美术馆、展览馆等，因此需要对“合理的使用方式和范围”进行限制，在保障合理使用空间的同时避免挫伤著作权人展览作品的积极性。　　三是进一步明确报刊转载法定许可的适用范围。将原司法解释第十七条“报纸、期刊”的范围明确为“报纸、期刊主管部门批准出版的纸质报纸、期刊以及与其内容和版面格式相一致的数字化版本”，以适应网络和数字技术发展需要。同时增加一款，明确报纸、期刊与互联网信息服务提供者之间相互转载、互联网信息服务提供者之间相互转载已发表的作品，不适用前款规定，应当经过著作权人许可并支付报酬。作出上述修改的主要考虑是，当前报纸、期刊行业在经营模式上已经从传统纸质媒体扩展到网络数字媒体，将报纸、期刊版面以原格式通过信息网络传播可以视为纸质转载方式的合理延伸，被诉侵权人可以援引著作权法第三十五条第二款规定的法定许可进行抗辩。除了上述情形以外，以其他形式将报纸、期刊内容通过信息网络传播的，不适用报刊转载法定许可。

E | 版权申明：凡注有“”或电头为“”的稿件，均为独家版权所有，未经许可不得转载或镜像；授权转载必须注明来源为“”，并保留“”的电头。    。

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